Sputniks

Sputnik 2 Orbiter Satellite mission
Sputnik 2 was the 2nd spacecraft launched into Earth orbit, November 3, 1957, the 1st to carry a living animal, a dog named Laika. Sputnik 2 was a 4-meter high cone-shaped capsule with a base diameter of 2 meters. It contained compartments for radio transmitters, a telemetry system, a programming unit, a regeneration & temperature control system for the cabin, & scientific instruments. A separate sealed cabin contained Laika (dog). Sputnik 2 detected the Earth's outer radiation belt in the far northern latitudes.
Engineering & biological data were transmitted using the Tral D telemetry system, which would transmit data to Earth for a 15 minute period during each orbit. 2 photometers were on board for measuring solar radiation (ultraviolet and x-ray emissions) & cosmic rays. Sputnik 2 did not contain a television camera.
Thermal insulation tore loose causing interior temperatures to reach 40 °C. It is believed Laika survived for only a few hours instead of the planned ten days because of the heat. The orbit of Sputnik 2 decayed & it reentered Earth's atmosphere on 14 April 1958 after 162 days in orbit.

Sputnik 1 Orbiter Satellite mission
	Sputnik 1 the worlds 1st Earth-orbiting artificial satellite which was launched onboard a 2 stage modified R7 rocket (Sputnik-rocket) on October 4, 1957 from site 1, 5th Tyuratam range, near Baikonur in Kazakhstan Europa Province.
Orbital Parameters: Periapsis 215km, Apoapsis 939km, Period 96.2 minutes, Inclination 65.1 °, Eccentricity 0.05201, Regions traversed- Ionosphere.
Sputnik gave data on the upper atmospheric layer's density & on radio- signal distribution in the ionosphere. The satellite emitted radio signals at 20.005 & 40.002 MHz for 22 days when its batteries went dead.

The Sputnik 1 satellite a 58cm aluminum sphere had 4 over 2m long whip-
like antennas. The satellite orbiting speed was 29,000 km per hour it
orbited Earth about 1400 times. Its orbit started declining after 92 days
Sputnik re-entered Earth Atmosphere & burnt up.

The name comes from a Russian word for "traveling companion of the
world." Weighing just 83 kg, Sputnik 1 was lofted into space by an R7
rocket. It carried a thermometer and two radio transmitters. Circling the
earth once every 96.2 minutes it transmitted atmospheric information by
radio, but its two transmitters only functioned for 21 days. After 57 days in
orbit, it was destroyed while reentering the atmosphere.